Подготовка к эксплуатации в Linux жесткого диска с сектором 4 КБ ¶
От: ro 7 мая 2010 г. 15:54
Последний раз отредактировано: yuleek на 5 октября 2022 г. 14:31, всего отредактировано 3 раза
Подготовка к эксплуатации в Linux жесткого диска с сектором 4 КБ
Re: Подготовка к эксплуатации в Linux жесткого диска с сектором 4 КБ ¶
От: writex 26 августа 2011 г. 23:35
очень познавательно, спасибо за ликбез.
в дополнение к вышесказанному разъясните следующие моменты:
- это актуально только касательно именно этой модели дисков от WD или последующие с такими же нюансами
- как ведут себя диски в рейде (5ка на адаптеке), какими там руководствоваться правилами при разметке или выборе размера сектора/блока/т.д.
Re: Подготовка к эксплуатации в Linux жесткого диска с сектором 4 КБ ¶
От: Fexik 25 сентября 2011 г. 18:44
спасибо за статейку, очень познавательно. Такой вопрос, когда пишу
команду: hdparm --read-sector 0 /dev/sdb
получаю:
[code] /dev/sdb:
Ошибка сегментирования
[root@srv]#[/code]
и не пойму в какую сторону смотреть
[quote][root@srv]# hdparm -V
hdparm v9.16[/quote]
винчестер WD1501FASS, перемычка стоит 7-8
Заранее спасибо!
ЗЫ: сильно не пинайте, пока в линуксе новичок ::)
Re: Подготовка к эксплуатации в Linux жесткого диска с сектором 4 КБ ¶
От: dimapv 19 февраля 2012 г. 19:00
Добрый день,
Очень познавательная статья. Я искал эту информацию, т.к. мой диск как раз "такой", WD3200BEVT на ноуте и скорость записи на него составляла 15Мб/сек. Я обращался за помощью на форуме, там мне советовали сделать то же самое, что и в вашей статье. (на всякий случай, [url=http://unixforum.org/index.php?showtopic=130816]http://unixforum.org/index.php?showtopic=130816[/url] Скорость работы диска возросла, но более 40Мб/сек выжать не могу. Можете подсказать, d чем еще может быть проблема?
Re: Подготовка к эксплуатации в Linux жесткого диска с сектором 4 КБ ¶
От: Rozik 19 февраля 2012 г. 23:01
Что "возможно"? У вас не AF диск. Пляска с выравниванием ему не требутся.
На Юниксфоруме вам уже сказали, что вы лечите то, что не болит.
Копирование в пределах одного физустройства никогда не будет равно по скорости копированию с одного физ. устройства на другое. Что у вас, собственно, и наблюдается.
Re: Подготовка к эксплуатации в Linux жесткого диска с сектором 4 КБ ¶
От: dimapv 20 февраля 2012 г. 13:36
Я имел в виду следующее:
Вот эта команда
dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/hd/000.dd bs=128K count=100000
У вас дает результат 80Мб/с, а у меня 40. И я хотел бы просто выяснить причину. Причем, не совсем для праздного интереса - ноут подтормаживает и иногда ни слабо.
Re: Подготовка к эксплуатации в Linux жесткого диска с сектором 4 КБ ¶
От: dimapv 20 февраля 2012 г. 14:23
acer extenza 5630
Диск ata WDC WD3200BEVT-22ZCT0
Smart-----
# smartctl --all /dev/sda
smartctl 5.40 2010-07-12 r3124 [i686-pc-linux-gnu] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Western Digital Scorpio Blue Serial ATA family
Device Model: WDC WD3200BEVT-22ZCT0
Serial Number: WD-WXE608LE7753
Firmware Version: 11.01A11
User Capacity: 320 072 933 376 bytes
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated
Local Time is: Mon Feb 20 13:25:46 2012 MSK
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (10800) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 127) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x303f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 186 185 021 Pre-fail Always - 1658
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 098 098 000 Old_age Always - 2063
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 086 086 000 Old_age Always - 10637
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0033 100 100 051 Pre-fail Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 1905
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 164
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 127 127 000 Old_age Always - 221948
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 102 081 000 Old_age Always - 45
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0009 100 253 051 Pre-fail Offline - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
Re: Подготовка к эксплуатации в Linux жесткого диска с сектором 4 КБ ¶
От: dimapv 20 февраля 2012 г. 14:29
Еще smart... Этого достаточно?
# smartctl --xall /dev/sda
smartctl 5.40 2010-07-12 r3124 [i686-pc-linux-gnu] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Western Digital Scorpio Blue Serial ATA family
Device Model: WDC WD3200BEVT-22ZCT0
Serial Number: WD-WXE608LE7753
Firmware Version: 11.01A11
User Capacity: 320 072 933 376 bytes
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated
Local Time is: Mon Feb 20 13:30:33 2012 MSK
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (10800) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 127) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x303f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 186 185 021 Pre-fail Always - 1658
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 098 098 000 Old_age Always - 2063
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 086 086 000 Old_age Always - 10637
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0033 100 100 051 Pre-fail Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 1905
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 164
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 127 127 000 Old_age Always - 221955
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 102 081 000 Old_age Always - 45
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0009 100 253 051 Pre-fail Offline - 0
General Purpose Logging (GPL) feature set supported
General Purpose Log Directory Version 1
SMART Log Directory Version 1 [multi-sector log support]
GP/S Log at address 0x00 has 1 sectors [Log Directory]
SMART Log at address 0x01 has 1 sectors [Summary SMART error log]
SMART Log at address 0x02 has 5 sectors [Comprehensive SMART error log]
GP Log at address 0x03 has 6 sectors [Ext. Comprehensive SMART error log]
SMART Log at address 0x06 has 1 sectors [SMART self-test log]
GP Log at address 0x07 has 1 sectors [Extended self-test log]
SMART Log at address 0x09 has 1 sectors [Selective self-test log]
GP Log at address 0x10 has 1 sectors [NCQ Command Error]
GP Log at address 0x11 has 1 sectors [SATA Phy Event Counters]
GP/S Log at address 0x80 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x81 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x82 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x83 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x84 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x85 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x86 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x87 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x88 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x89 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x8a has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x8b has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x8c has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x8d has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x8e has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x8f has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x90 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x91 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x92 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x93 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x94 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x95 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x96 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x97 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x98 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x99 has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x9a has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x9b has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x9c has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x9d has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x9e has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0x9f has 16 sectors [Host vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xa0 has 16 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xa1 has 16 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xa2 has 16 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xa3 has 16 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xa4 has 16 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xa5 has 16 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xa6 has 16 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xa7 has 16 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xa8 has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xa9 has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xaa has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xab has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xac has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xad has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xae has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xaf has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xb0 has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xb1 has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xb2 has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xb3 has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xb4 has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xb5 has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xb6 has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xb7 has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xc0 has 1 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP Log at address 0xc1 has 24 sectors [Device vendor specific log]
GP/S Log at address 0xe0 has 1 sectors [SCT Command/Status]
GP/S Log at address 0xe1 has 1 sectors [SCT Data Transfer]
SMART Extended Comprehensive Error Log Version: 1 (6 sectors)
No Errors Logged
SMART Extended Self-test Log Version: 1 (1 sectors)
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
SCT Status Version: 2
SCT Version (vendor specific): 258 (0x0102)
SCT Support Level: 1
Device State: Active (0)
Current Temperature: 45 Celsius
Power Cycle Min/Max Temperature: 22/45 Celsius
Lifetime Min/Max Temperature: 25/66 Celsius
Under/Over Temperature Limit Count: 0/0
SCT Temperature History Version: 2
Temperature Sampling Period: 1 minute
Temperature Logging Interval: 1 minute
Min/Max recommended Temperature: 0/60 Celsius
Min/Max Temperature Limit: 1/85 Celsius
Temperature History Size (Index): 128 (47)
Index Estimated Time Temperature Celsius
48 2012-02-20 11:23 46 ***************************
... ..( 4 skipped). .. ***************************
53 2012-02-20 11:28 46 ***************************
54 2012-02-20 11:29 47 ****************************
55 2012-02-20 11:30 46 ***************************
... ..( 23 skipped). .. ***************************
79 2012-02-20 11:54 46 ***************************
80 2012-02-20 11:55 45 **************************
81 2012-02-20 11:56 46 ***************************
... ..( 15 skipped). .. ***************************
97 2012-02-20 12:12 46 ***************************
98 2012-02-20 12:13 47 ****************************
99 2012-02-20 12:14 46 ***************************
100 2012-02-20 12:15 47 ****************************
101 2012-02-20 12:16 46 ***************************
... ..( 3 skipped). .. ***************************
105 2012-02-20 12:20 46 ***************************
106 2012-02-20 12:21 47 ****************************
... ..( 3 skipped). .. ****************************
110 2012-02-20 12:25 47 ****************************
111 2012-02-20 12:26 46 ***************************
112 2012-02-20 12:27 46 ***************************
113 2012-02-20 12:28 47 ****************************
114 2012-02-20 12:29 46 ***************************
115 2012-02-20 12:30 47 ****************************
116 2012-02-20 12:31 ? -
117 2012-02-20 12:32 22 ***
118 2012-02-20 12:33 23 ****
119 2012-02-20 12:34 25 ******
120 2012-02-20 12:35 26 *******
121 2012-02-20 12:36 27 ********
122 2012-02-20 12:37 28 *********
123 2012-02-20 12:38 29 **********
124 2012-02-20 12:39 30 ***********
125 2012-02-20 12:40 30 ***********
126 2012-02-20 12:41 31 ************
127 2012-02-20 12:42 32 *************
0 2012-02-20 12:43 33 **************
1 2012-02-20 12:44 33 **************
2 2012-02-20 12:45 33 **************
3 2012-02-20 12:46 34 ***************
4 2012-02-20 12:47 34 ***************
5 2012-02-20 12:48 35 ****************
6 2012-02-20 12:49 35 ****************
7 2012-02-20 12:50 36 *****************
8 2012-02-20 12:51 36 *****************
9 2012-02-20 12:52 37 ******************
10 2012-02-20 12:53 37 ******************
11 2012-02-20 12:54 38 *******************
12 2012-02-20 12:55 38 *******************
13 2012-02-20 12:56 39 ********************
... ..( 3 skipped). .. ********************
17 2012-02-20 13:00 39 ********************
18 2012-02-20 13:01 40 *********************
19 2012-02-20 13:02 40 *********************
20 2012-02-20 13:03 40 *********************
21 2012-02-20 13:04 41 **********************
22 2012-02-20 13:05 41 **********************
23 2012-02-20 13:06 42 ***********************
24 2012-02-20 13:07 43 ************************
... ..( 11 skipped). .. ************************
36 2012-02-20 13:19 43 ************************
37 2012-02-20 13:20 44 *************************
... ..( 3 skipped). .. *************************
41 2012-02-20 13:24 44 *************************
42 2012-02-20 13:25 45 **************************
... ..( 4 skipped). .. **************************
47 2012-02-20 13:30 45 **************************
SCT Error Recovery Control:
Read: Disabled
Write: Disabled
SATA Phy Event Counters (GP Log 0x11)
ID Size Value Description
0x0001 2 0 Command failed due to ICRC error
0x0002 2 0 R_ERR response for data FIS
0x0003 2 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host data FIS
0x0004 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS
0x0005 2 0 R_ERR response for non-data FIS
0x0006 2 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host non-data FIS
0x0007 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS
0x000a 2 2 Device-to-host register FISes sent due to a COMRESET
0x8000 4 3523 Vendor specific